Bachelor’s Degree in the Fundamentals of Architecture + Qualifying Master’s Degree

Objectives

Physics forms the basis for a large number of the technical subjects that will be covered throughout the Architecture degree programme.

In this module, and throughout the academic year, we will establish the fundamental principles of physics, illustrating them with a variety of examples of their applications, with the aim of establishing a logical sequence between the laws of physics and their applications.

The aim is therefore to develop students’ ability to analyse any physics problem related to architecture in a logical and straightforward manner, applying the basic principles they have learnt to solve such problems.

With regard to the course content, the objective is to familiarise students with, understand and master the following basic concepts of physics: scalar and vector fields; mass geometry; particle kinematics and dynamics; and the kinematics and dynamics of a rigid body in a plane. Statics. Fluid statics. Fluid dynamics. Hydraulics. Principles of thermodynamics. Electromagnetism.

Prerequisites

No prerequisites have been set.

Competencies

• Adequate knowledge of the principles of general mechanics, statics, mass geometry, and vector and tensor fields as applied to architecture and urban planning.

• Adequate knowledge of the principles of thermodynamics, acoustics and optics as applied to architecture and urban planning.

• Adequate knowledge of the principles of fluid mechanics, hydraulics, electricity and electromagnetism as applied to architecture and urban planning.

• Problem-solving through abstraction

• Critical thinking

• Working within an interdisciplinary team

• Analysis of complex problems

• Formulating and subsequently solving exercises

• Use of relevant literature

• Possessing the necessary mathematical and physical foundations to interpret, select, evaluate and create new concepts, theories, applications and technological developments related to architecture and its application.

Learning outcomes

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Course content

1- Kinematics and Dynamics of the particle. Types of motion: rectilinear, circular, parabolic, relative. Velocity. Acceleration.

2- Kinematics and dynamics of a rigid body in a plane. Work and energy. Collisions. Angular momentum. Moment of inertia.

3- Statics. Isostatic beams in architecture. Simple structural elements.

4- Fluid statics. Reservoirs and fundamentals of water supply.

5- Fluid dynamics.

6- Principles of Thermodynamics: First and second laws. Heat engines. Cycles.

7- Fundamentals of Electricity and Electromagnetism.

Teaching activities

Classroom-based presentation of concepts relating to the topics covered in each subject and problem-solving exercises designed to enable students to understand how to tackle these concepts, as well as other face-to-face group sessions such as discussion classes, group discussions, etc.

Laboratory practicals, carrying out guided activities, either individually or in small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop setting, in seminars or during small-group consultations.

Self-study and independent work, including exercises, assignments or practical work carried out independently by the student or a group of students.

Assessment tests.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University shall be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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For competences involving proficiency in the use of tools, debugging and programme testing, assessment will be based on the submission and presentation of practical case studies carried out in small groups, as well as on students’ performance in the classroom during the practical sessions

Submission of practical assignments and reports on their progress.

For competencies involving knowledge of the course content, a series of written examinations will be set to cover the full range of learning activities carried out in the classroom.

There are four tests, each accounting for 20 per cent of the mark; a minimum mark of 2 points is required for the marks to be averaged.

Compulsory laboratory practicals are carried out, accounting for 12 per cent of the assessment.

Assignments are set, accounting for 8 per cent of the mark.

REGULAR EXAM SESSION

If the continuous assessment mark is below 5, the student must sit an exam covering the entire course content. In this case, the mark will correspond to the exam mark and must be 5 or above. As the laboratory practicals are compulsory, students must have completed them; otherwise, an exam will be set based on the scripts developed during the course.

RE-SIT EXAM

If the mark for the ordinary examination session is below 5, the student may sit an examination covering the entire course content. In this case, the mark will correspond to the exam mark and must be 5 or above. As the laboratory practicals are compulsory, students must have completed them; otherwise, an exam covering the topics covered during the course will be set.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

The most significant features of the Basic Drawing course are its formative nature and the body of knowledge it provides, which is designed to develop a mental framework that, together with Mathematics and Physics, enables students to tackle the technological subjects of the degree programme with a solid foundation. Furthermore, it provides students with the basic knowledge required to define any geometric element or interpret any representation of such an element using drawing tools.

Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites.

Competencies

Spatial awareness.

Decision-making.

Artistic ability.

Organisational and planning skills.

Commitment to quality.

Problem-solving.

Ability to apply graphic techniques to the representation of spaces and objects

Adequate knowledge of spatial representation systems as applied to architecture and town planning.

Computer skills (CAD).

Learning outcomes

Proficiency in the proportion and representation of objects using manual and computerised techniques.

Ability to develop a personal and collaborative graphic discourse.

Personalisation of computer-aided graphic work.

Optimisation of resources, tools and time for both individual and team work.

Ability to personalise learning within team projects.

Course description

APPLICATION CONTENT: Introduction: Plane constructions, scales, polyhedra. Projection systems and spatial representation. Fundamentals of the dihedral, dimensioned, axonometric and conic projection systems.

CAD (APPLICATION CONTENT): Introduction to the programme. Working environment and executing commands. Structuring work: Layers. Coordinate systems. Drawing commands. Object references. Editing commands. Blocks: Creation and editing. Dimensioning. Printing drawings (presentation space). Knowledge of AutoCAD will be applied to the completion of exercises. Work will be carried out exclusively in 2D, in both model space and presentation space.

TOPIC 1: Dihedral System: Fundamentals. Point. Line. Plane. Intersections. Projections. Parallelism and perpendicularity. Distances. Representation of geometric solids.

TOPIC 2: System of Dimensioned Planes: Fundamentals. Point. Line. Plane. Intersections. Projections. Parallelism and perpendicularity. Distances. Representation of geometric solids.

Learning activities

1) Classroom presentation of the concepts relating to the course, as well as other

in-person group sessions.

2) Carrying out guided activities, either individually or in

small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop-style setting, in

seminars, and in small-group consultations.

3) Self-study and independent work, completing exercises and

assignments or practical work as independent work by the

student or group of students.

4) Assessment tests.

The weekly programme consists of two hours of lectures and two hours of seminars.

During the weekly lecture sessions, the necessary theory will be presented and exercises will be worked through, with students completing the set exercises.

During the two hours set aside for seminars, supplementary theory and CAD concepts will be covered, and exercises will be completed using CAD software or by hand with traditional drawing tools, as appropriate.

Students must supplement the course with independent study outside the classroom.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT:

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT comprises two theoretical-practical topics. Furthermore, to support students, additional material will be provided during the term covering preliminary topics, as well as CAD content relevant to solving the proposed exercises. The exercises and tests on topics 1 and 2 will be marked with the following weighting in relation to the final mark:

APPLICATION CONTENT: Prerequisite topics and CAD. This content will be applied when solving the exercises in topics 1 and 2, and therefore does not have a specific weighting.

TOPIC 1 (50%): 10% marked class exercise (with notes). 35% test. 5% other class work.

TOPIC 2 (50%): 10% marked class exercise (with notes). 35% Test. 5% other class work.

FINAL EXAMINATION FOR THE REGULAR EXAMINATION SESSION:

Students who do not pass the module through continuous assessment may sit the final exam in the REGULAR EXAM SESSION. The final exam for this session will consist of a test in which students must demonstrate the knowledge and skills acquired in the module. The exam covers the entire course.

SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION SESSION.

Students who do not pass the module during the regular examination period may sit the EXTRAORDINARY EXAMINATION PERIOD. The examination for this period will consist of a test in which students must demonstrate the knowledge and skills acquired in the module. The exam covers the entire course.

ALL SUBMISSIONS OF PRACTICAL WORK, ASSIGNMENTS OR ANY OTHER EXERCISES MUST BE MADE VIA THE COURSE PLATFORM; NO PAPER-BASED SUBMISSIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

"The objectives of Applied Mathematics in the first year of Architecture are to enable students to model, analyse and solve problems specific to the field of architecture using mathematical tools such as differential and integral calculus, linear algebra, geometry and differential equations, whilst fostering logical and abstract thinking, precision in the design and interpretation of structures, and the integration of this knowledge into real-world contexts of design, representation and spatial analysis.”

Teaching methodologies:

1. Lecture.

3. Problem-based learning

Prerequisites

None

Learning outcomes

RK2. Applied knowledge of: numerical calculus, analytical and differential geometry, and algebraic methods.

Course description

Numerical and infinitesimal calculus: Derivation of functions of one and several variables; integration of functions of one variable; multiple integrals; line integrals; surface integrals. Matrices, vector spaces, linear mappings, algebraic structures. Geometry. Ordinary differential equations

Teaching activities

P1. Lectures – 15 hours (15 face-to-face)

P2. Interactive classes – 20 hours (20 face-to-face)

P4. Project work and problem-solving – 10 hours (20 face-to-face)

P5. Independent study. Solving case studies or problems. Literature review – 102 hours (0 hours face-to-face)

P7. Knowledge assessments – 3 hours (3 hours face-to-face)

Assessment system and criteria

In accordance with the guidelines issued by the EIAD management: “The format of the assessment tests may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, essay questions, problem-solving exercises, case studies, laboratory tests or workshops, or the design of prototypes, products or models, to be completed in writing or orally. Where applicable, the course coordinator will provide details of the assessment format to be used prior to the assessments taking place.”

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting assigned to it in accordance with the course syllabus.

SE1. Practical activities (case studies, problem-solving and challenges, project work, oral presentations, debates, etc.) Minimum 40/Maximum 60

SE2. Final knowledge assessments. Minimum 60/Maximum 40

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Bibliography

Core:

1. by Pedro Mingo

Technical and Scientific Formulas in Mathematics

Bellisco. 2005.

ISBN: 978-849527990

2. Esther Guervós Sánchez, Begoña García Nicolás, Alfredo González Rosales

Introduction to Calculus:

García Maroto Publishers. 2010.

ISBN: 9788493629984

3. Esther Guervós Sánchez, Ana Pastor Regidor

FUNDAMENTALS OF MATHEMATICS. THEORETICAL CONCEPTS AND SOLVED PROBLEMS

Bellisco. 2005.

ISBN: 9788496486140

Supplementary:

4.- de Mingo, Pedro

Technical and Scientific Formulary: Calculus

Bellisco. 2006.

ISBN: 978-849648637

Objectives

In the course FORM ANALYSIS I, students learn to represent architectural reality on a two-dimensional surface.

ANALYSIS OF FORMS I is a module which, together with the other modules in the graphic arts area, provides students with the tools to tackle their first encounter with the graphic arts modules in the subsequent years of the degree programme, particularly in the areas of urban planning and design projects.

Analysing an object involves studying it and reflecting upon it. The same object can be analysed from different perspectives, situations or aspects, thereby yielding different results. The act of setting out these analyses in a document requires a commitment to that study, resulting in a final document that may contain interesting nuances, arising from asking the right questions and seeking their answers.

What distinguishes any purely visual work from an architectural work is, above all else, the functional requirements that the latter must fulfil. This is where the fundamental distinction between architecture and sculpture lies. This does not mean that a work of architecture cannot also be regarded as a work of a visual nature, but rather that this alone is not its primary purpose.

The ultimate aim of the module is to carry out various types of studies of architectural objects (whether complete or partial), documenting these studies—which have been the subject of prior analysis—through exercises carried out by hand or using computer software.

It is important to maintain a positive and determined attitude towards work and learning, applying any corrections made with an open mind. As this is a workshop-based module, attendance is essential, and students must ensure they have the necessary materials at all times, depending on the type of work to be carried out during the session.

Course content

The module is divided into three main blocks in which students will work with different techniques to visualise the analysis carried out. These blocks are:

• Block 1: Materials and media. The elements of visual language: the point, the line and the surface. Scale and proportion in drawing. Textures and lighting. Basic concepts of perspective. Conception and representation of the distinctive features of objects. Representation of compositions: drawing from life. Introduction to dry and wet techniques. Introduction to mixed media. Form and abstraction.

• Module 2: Line and tone. Monochrome and colour drawing. Artistic drawing of architectural objects. Representation and analysis of interior and exterior spaces. (Dry media, wet media and mixed media).

• Module 3: Analytical drawing of architecture and urban planning. Data collection and preparation of the analysis report. Representation of the human figure as a scale element. Drawing as a tool for thinking during the design phase. (Personal choice of hand-drawing technique and compulsory use of computer tools).

This is a workshop-based module, the main objectives of which are to learn drawing, to gain an understanding of expressive resources and the conventions of painting for the figurative representation of reality. In addition to the workshop work, theoretical concepts will be taught to support the completion of the assignments.

During the course, students take their first steps towards producing sketches and collecting data for drawing up plans, and resources are introduced to incorporate drawing into the ideation process.

Teaching activities

1) Classroom presentation of concepts relating to the module, as well as other

in-person group sessions.

2) Carrying out guided activities, either individually or in

small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop-style setting, in

seminars, and in small-group consultations.

3) Self-study and independent work, completing exercises and

assignments or practical work as independent work by the

student or group of students.

4) Assessment tests.

Learning method:

- Theoretical introduction.

- Clear and precise instructions for the exercises. Where possible, references directly or indirectly related to the proposed exercises will be suggested.

- Whilst carrying out the exercise, the student must receive individual guidance from the teacher.

- At the end of each unit or each exercise (as deemed appropriate), the teacher will select a number of the exercises to carry out an overall critical assessment. Constructive participation by students in any resulting discussion will be viewed positively.

- Students must learn both from their own work and from that of their classmates. In a workshop-based course such as this, much of individual progress is based on collective progress. Orderly communication amongst students should be regarded as a positive attribute.

- It is the student’s duty and obligation to show an interest in extra-curricular activities relating to the course content (exhibitions, museum visits, etc.), as well as to endeavour to integrate these into the learning process with the teacher’s assistance.

- To complement the lessons, the teacher will publish a consultation timetable to address any queries that may arise.

Required materials.

In addition to any materials specific to each exercise, students must at least purchase:

- a box of coloured pencils

- conté sticks and charcoal in various thicknesses and degrees of hardness

- a sketchpad for notes and sketches (DIN A3 or similar)

- their own drawing board

- a folder to store coursework (for paper up to 100x70 cm)

- It is advisable to have a lab coat to avoid getting stained, as well as a box of coloured pencils.

- a box of watercolours (12 colours is sufficient), a few tubes of gouache or acrylic paint, and watercolour pencils

- three or four brushes of different sizes (e.g. 4, 8, 12 and a larger one for backgrounds), palettes of various sizes, brushes with different tips (2 or 3), and flat brushes 1, 2 and 3 fingers wide.

- a couple of rags and small bowls for mixing, as well as two glasses

- approximately 50 sheets of 100 x 70 Torreón, Canson or similar paper in white and mid-tones; for the start of the course, a roll of box-wrapping paper, either left as is or cut into 100 x 70 sheets.

- A camera with a resolution of at least 3 megapixels, capable of recording video.

- A computer with sufficient capacity to run AutoCAD, Photoshop, Capture NX, Windows Movie Maker, Pinnacle, Sony Vegas…

Assessment system and criteria

The Assessment System will be based on the following points:

• Assignments must be submitted by the specified deadline to avoid overloading the workload for the next module.

• Submissions for the various exercises must be made via the prescribed channels.

• Classwork must be completed on the day.

• It is compulsory to hand in all the set exercises.

• Students are permitted to hand in additional exercises.

• All exercises must be submitted clearly labelled with your first name, surname and academic year visible on the front.

• Assignments that do not comply with the submission format will not be marked.

• Assignments must be submitted via the Virtual Campus as specified in each set of instructions.

The following will be taken into account when marking the assignments:

• The quantity and quality of the assignments in relation to the topic covered.

• Presentation and delivery of work in class, where applicable.

• Progress in learning.

• Interest and attendance (active and participatory) in class.

The main aspects to be assessed and the criteria used to mark work for this module are:

1. Proportion and composition. An appropriate viewpoint for correct composition, where the chosen space is optimal for making the most of it. Proportion, understood as the correct relationship between the various measurements, must not deviate from reality and is fundamental to progress in drawing.

2. Light, contrast and value. Correct rendering of objects in light and shadow. Depiction of cast and self-shadows with a wide variety of intermediate shades to achieve the three-dimensional effect of the subject. Clear identification of the light source.

3. Order in the composition.

4. The depth of objects in space will be defined by the conceptual criteria for determining distance in terms of detail and colour intensity, as well as the application of the rules of perspective. All of this enables the interpretation of spatial depth.

5. Cleanliness of drawing and linework.

6. Understanding and interpretation of the set brief, and appropriate use of technique and medium in line with the exercise requirements.

7. Application of theoretical concepts to the completion of the exercise.

8. Composition and presentation of the exercise.

Submission of all set exercises is compulsory; voluntary work and sketches are also accepted.

REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD.

There are two ways to pass the module in the Ordinary Examination Period.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

Students who regularly attend the course may pass the course during the Ordinary Examination Period through continuous assessment, subject to the following conditions:

• Attendance at at least 60% of classes is compulsory. In the event that teaching is delivered online, synchronous attendance will be required. Students who do not meet the minimum attendance requirement will lose their right to continuous assessment.

• ‘Complete’ submissions of the various assignments corresponding to each of the

three blocks into which the module is divided.

• An indicative pre-assessment of the blocks will be carried out so that students may choose to improve their mark, if necessary, by the next submission deadline, by submitting new exercises that improve on the quality of those previously submitted and/or make up for any missing work. The option to submit new exercises does not include exercises completed in class.

• All three modules must be submitted in order to be eligible for a pass via Continuous Assessment and will be pre-marked on a scale of 0 to 10. The weightings for each module are: Module 1 30%, Module 2 30% and Module 3 40%; a final exam will be held to verify authorship.

• All exercises must be submitted via the prescribed channel.

• The final mark for the module is not based on weighted averages but on the final level achieved.

• Monitoring and marking of assignments:

o Each student may review the corrections to their assignments submitted during the course, as well as request guidance on assignments completed outside the classroom. To do so, they must arrange the procedure with the lecturer. These enquiries may only be made before the final assessment. Once the submission period has closed following the submission of Block 3, no further feedback will be provided on the work.

o The Course Coordinator reserves the right to retain indefinitely any student work they deem appropriate.

• Students who do not achieve the pass mark for the course must sit the End-of-Course Exam to validate the authorship of the assignments submitted. This exam will take place during term time and within class hours. The Course Coordinator reserves the right NOT to award a ‘Pass’ to a student where there is any doubt regarding the authorship of the work submitted in their portfolio throughout the course.

• Once the end-of-year exam has been taken, the work submitted during the academic year will be marked definitively, and the final mark for continuous assessment will be issued.

"The format of the assessment tests may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, essay questions, problem-solving tasks, case studies, laboratory tests or workshops, or the design of prototypes, products or models, to be completed in writing or orally. Where applicable, the course coordinator will provide details of the assessment format to be used prior to the assessments taking place.”

NOTE: All work submitted by a student is assumed to be their own original work. Submitting another person’s work as one’s own is considered plagiarism and will be reported to the Rector’s Office so that they may take the measures they deem appropriate in accordance with the University’s Student Assessment Regulations.

Addendum

The learning activities designed to enable students to acquire the intended competences during this module and to achieve the expected outcomes of the work undertaken will be:

1. Classroom presentations on concepts relating to the representation of architecture, as well as other face-to-face group sessions.

2. Guided activities, either individually or in small working groups, carried out in the classroom, in a workshop setting, during seminars or in small-group consultations.

3. Self-study and independent work, including exercises, assignments or practical work carried out independently by the student or a group of students.

4. Assessment tests.

At the end of each module, students will produce a portfolio in accordance with the specifications set out in the assignment briefs.

LEARNING METHOD:

• Theoretical introduction and explanation of the instructions for the exercise or exercises to be carried out.

• Whilst the exercise is being carried out, the teacher will guide the student and, if necessary, provide individual supervision.

• At the end of each unit or each exercise (as deemed appropriate), the teacher will select a number of exercises to provide general critical feedback, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. Constructive participation by students in any resulting discussion will be viewed positively.

• Students must learn both from their own work and from that of their classmates through the critique sessions, as much of individual progress is based on collective progress. Orderly communication amongst students should be regarded as a positive attribute.

• To complement the lessons, the teacher will provide guidance on how to resolve any queries that may arise.

Bibliography

Core:

1. Brigitte Fitoussi

Eames

HK. 2003.

ISBN: 8496137619

2. Elizabeth A. Brown

Constantin Brancusi and Photography

HK. 1995.

ISBN: 8489439443

3. José Ramón Paniagua

Basic Architectural Vocabulary

Cátedra. 1990.

ISBN: 8437601347

4. Juan Carlos Sanz

The Book of Colour

Alianza Editorial. 1993.

ISBN: 8420605905

5. Vasili Kandinsky

Point and Line to Plane: A Contribution to the Analysis of the

Barcelona: Paidós, 1996. 1996.

ISBN: 8449303141

6. Ramón Diaz Padilla

Drawing from Life in the Post-Academic Era

AKAL Fine Arts. 2007.

ISBN: 9788446021520

7. Various

Urban Sketchers Spain 2001

USK Spain. 2011.

ISBN: 9788461488193

8. Vincent Van Gogh

Letters to Theo

Idea. 1999.

ISBN: 8482360825

Further reading:

9. Hiscox-Hopkins

The Industrial Cookbook

GG/Mexico. 1994.

ISBN: 968-887-253-9

10. Juanjo Saez

Art: Imaginary Conversations with My Mother

Reservoir Books. 2004.

ISBN: 978-84-397-11

11. Julian Freeman

Art at a Glance

Celeste Ediciones. 1998.

ISBN: 8482111744

12. Langford, M.

Photography Step by Step

Madrid: Hermann Blume, 1992. 1992.

ISBN: 8487756018

13. Michael Freeman

The Complete Guide to Digital Photography

Blume. 2006.

ISBN: 84-8076-644-1

14. Michel Foucault

This Is Not a Pipe

Anagrama. 1981.

ISBN: 8433913212

15. Yves Bonnefoy

Alberto Giacometti

HK. 1995.

ISBN: 84-89439-07-9

Others:

16. Burke, Edmund

A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas Concerning

Murcia: Official Association of Quantity Surveyors and Architects. 1985.

ISBN: 8450524016

17. Edward Quinn

Picasso and his objects

HK. 1995.

ISBN: 84-89439435

18. Gertrude Stein

Picasso

The Sphere. 2002.

ISBN: 8497340523

19. Lynch, Kevin

The Image of the City

3rd ed. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1998. 1999.

ISBN: 8425217482

20. Peggy Guggenheim

Confessions of an Art Addict

Lumen. 2002.

ISBN: 8426413196

21. Umberto Eco

A History of Beauty

Paperback. 2010.

ISBN: 978-84-9908-7

Objectives

To utilise the various stages of drawing, from sketching and recording measurements to practising line drawing using manual or computer-based techniques.

The representation of the architectural object and its surroundings at different scales.

The expression and representation of the project concept.

Adequate and applied knowledge of the following, as they relate to architecture and urban planning:

Spatial representation systems;

The analysis and theory of form and the laws of visual perception;

Metric and projective geometry;

Graphic surveying techniques in all their phases, from sketch drawing to scientific reconstruction

Prerequisites

None required.

Students’ proficiency in manual graphic techniques can be adapted to the use of computer-based techniques. The lecturer will guide this adaptation of graphic tools in line with the student’s demonstrated capacity for abstraction, definition, perception and architectural expression.

Competencies

•Ability to apply graphic procedures to the representation of spaces and objects (T)&#59;&#59;&#59;

•Ability to conceive and represent the visual attributes of objects and to master proportion and manual drawing techniques. Possible introduction to computer-aided techniques (T).

•Adequate knowledge of spatial representation systems applied to architecture and urban planning.

•Adequate knowledge of the analysis and theory of form and the laws of visual perception, as well as systems of spatial representation, as applied to architecture and urban planning.

•Understanding of the laws of visual perception as they relate to form, colour, proportion, proximity or distance, etc.

Learning outcomes

•The language of colour and composition. Ability to communicate ideas and concepts through the graphic language specific to architectural representation.

•Ability to analyse, synthesise, relate and/or plan the descriptive graphic representation of architecture.

•Developing a responsible and socially conscious commitment to the diversity of architectural graphic language. Respect for one’s own and others’ graphic work. Developing graphic skills through teamwork.

•Ability to analyse, relate and synthesise architectural elements through imagery.

•Mastery of a precise, communicative and expressive architectural graphic language and discourse in the representation of spaces and objects.

•Developing the ability to design architecture based on the development of one’s own ideas through drawing.

•Ability to conceptualise and explore graphically.

•Mastery of proportion and the representation of objects using manual and computer-aided techniques.

•Ability to develop personal and group graphic discourse.

•Personalisation of computer-aided graphic work.

•Optimisation of resources, tools and time for individual and team work.

•Developing the ability to personalise learning within team projects.

Description of the content

In summary, these are:

o Knowledge and manual development of graphic skills using the Dihedral, Axonometric and Conic systems of representation.

o Conceptual mastery of the three systems of representation and their use in architectural language.

o Manual application of any of the three representation systems to a model or architectural element.

o Knowledge and development of discourse in the language of architectural graphics.

o Knowledge and mastery of graphic scales and their application to architectural models and elements.

o Knowledge and development of spatial understanding in relation to architectural graphic documentation.

o Introduction to the conceptualisation of an architectural project and the development of architectural graphic documentation to facilitate the understanding and communication of the project.

These topics are described in the specifications for each module and in the practical class exercises carried out.

Students’ competence is assessed based on their application of this content to any architectural model set out in the exam question and/or the examples provided during the course.

Teaching activities

1) Classroom presentation of concepts relating to the module, as well as other

face-to-face group sessions.

2) Carrying out guided activities, either individually or in

small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop-style setting, in

seminars, and in small-group consultations.

3) Self-study and independent work, completing exercises and

assignments or practical work as independent work by the

student or group of students.

4) Assessment tests.

LECTURE: The lecturer presents basic theoretical and practical content. The specific graphic approaches for each part of the course will be explained. The written description of the course outlines does not contain this content in full.

Each assignment requires an understanding of the architectural reality of the model; in the lecture, simplifications of the models and their representation are discussed in theoretical terms.

SEMINAR: Students draw the assignment specified by the lecturer in the classroom; they receive guidance on the results and how to achieve them. These may become CLASS PRACTICAL SESSIONS assessed by the lecturer, either announced in advance or unannounced.

LABORATORY_ Students present their working tools in the classroom, propose their future work to the lecturer and raise any queries regarding the work carried out. These ideas are discussed and shared with the group. These are open-to-all classes and their progress is underpinned by the work carried out at HOME.

Assessment system and criteria

• Emphasis on continuous assessment.

Passing the course:

To pass the course, students must submit three complete sets of work, the weighting of which in the overall course mark is as follows:

Block 1 (20%), Block 2 (30%) and Block 3 (30%)

The content of these assignments is completed both at home and in the classroom. Some assignments will be set to be completed exclusively in the classroom.

The content of each module is set out on the course website throughout the academic year. Each student’s submission must be properly tracked in class so that the lecturer can verify its authorship at the time of submission.

Furthermore, the remaining 10 per cent will be assessed through practical work, experiences, research or the construction of models

or Some practical work may be marked or reinforced at home at the teacher’s request during the course.

o Some practical work may be focused on a specific task related to the module assignments (e.g. models, fieldwork and model display boards, in-class project presentations).

• Passed via the Ordinary or Supplementary Examination.

All students are permitted to sit both the Ordinary and Extraordinary Exams, although please note that: exam marks will ALWAYS take precedence over course marks.

o The exam mark ALWAYS takes precedence over course marks to encourage consistent work throughout the course. Therefore, prior to the ordinary exam session, a list of students who have passed the course is published, exempting those students (on a voluntary basis) from sitting the exam.

o The final marks for those who have passed the course are published alongside the results of the Ordinary Exam at the end of the final submission period for the course.

Addendum

The course website will set out the content of each module and its assessment criteria.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

To train students in the use of three essential software programmes in the field of architecture and design: AutoCAD (2D technical drawing), Revit (BIM modelling) and Lumion (3D visualisation and rendering), enabling them to develop complete projects from technical representation through to the final rendered presentation.

Course content

AutoCAD: 25 hours

Revit: 15 hours

Lumion: 20 hours

Delivery method: Face-to-face / Online

Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of IT and technical drawing.

Module 1: AutoCAD (25 hours)

Aim: To train students in the production of 2D technical drawings.

Contents:

Drawing environment and tools.

Editing and precision commands.

Drawing organisation: layers, blocks, external references.

Dimensions, text and presentation.

PDF printing and scales.

Module 2: Revit (15 hours)

Aim: To introduce students to BIM modelling and the creation of parametric architectural models.

Contents:

Interface and initial setup.

Creating basic elements: walls, doors, windows, roofs and floors.

Working with families and components.

Views: plans, sections, 3D and details.

Dimensioning, scheduling tables and project documentation.

Exporting to compatible formats (DWG, IFC, etc.).

Module 3: Lumion (20 hours)

Objective: To introduce students to architectural visualisation using renders and animations.

Contents:

Importing models from AutoCAD/Revit.

Lumion interface and navigation.

Materials, libraries and effects.

Environment: terrain, sky, water, vegetation, furniture.

Setting up cameras and static renders.

Creating animations and walkthrough videos.

Assessment system and criteria

Assessment will be based on class exercises for each module, the average of which will determine the final module mark.

The arithmetic mean of the marks for the three modules will correspond to the final mark for the module.

Appendix

Recommended reading:

AUTOCAD:

+ AutoCAD 2025: Basic Manual – Autodesk.

+ AutoCAD 2D & 3D Tutorial, Autodesk Help.

+ Ching, F. D. K. – Drawing: A Guide for Architects and Engineers.

REVIT:

+ Autodesk Revit User Guide (latest version).

+ Autodesk Knowledge Network – Revit Tutorials.

+ Ching, F. D. K. – Architectural Drawing and Design with BIM.

LUMION:

+ Lumion Official Tutorials – https://lumion.es/tutoriales/

+ Lumion User Guide (latest version).

+ Ching, F. D. K. – Architectural Visualisation.

Objectives

- To equip students with theoretical and practical knowledge of the nature, physical and chemical properties, defects, production processes, forms, types, regulations, and applications and uses of materials in construction.

- To study the most important groups of materials used in the construction industry and to develop the ability to select appropriate materials to solve specific construction problems.

Prerequisites

No prerequisites are required

Competencies

THE FOLLOWING COMPETENCIES ARE INTENDED TO BE ACQUIRED:

• THE ABILITY TO CONCEIVE, CALCULATE, DESIGN, INTEGRATE INTO BUILDINGS AND URBAN COMPLEXES, AND IMPLEMENT SYSTEMS FOR INTERIOR PARTITIONS, JOINERY, STAIRS AND OTHER FINISHING WORKS (T)

• ABILITY TO APPLY TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS

• ABILITY TO MAINTAIN STRUCTURAL WORK; ADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE OF CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS AND THEIR DEFECTS

• ABILITY TO CONCEIVE, CALCULATE, DESIGN, INTEGRATE INTO BUILDINGS AND URBAN COMPLEXES, AND IMPLEMENT ENCLOSURE, ROOFING AND OTHER STRUCTURAL WORK SYSTEMS (T)

• KNOWLEDGE OF THE PROPERTIES OF COMMON MATERIALS USED IN BUILDING STRUCTURES.

Learning outcomes

• Ability to conceive and develop architectural projects from the perspective of construction and their subsequent implementation on site.

• Ability to develop and coordinate health and safety projects on site, as well as quality control on site.

• Ability to develop and coordinate projects for the refurbishment, conservation and maintenance of buildings and their subsequent implementation.

• Ability to draw up a building’s maintenance manual.

Course content

TOPIC 1 – INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING MATERIALS. QUALITY AND REGULATIONS

Construction materials. Quality in construction materials. Traditional and non-traditional materials. Standardisation in Spain. Types of product or material certificates. Materials for the building site. The C.T.E. (Technical Building Code).

TOPIC 2 – THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF MATERIALS. PROPERTIES AND TYPES OF MATERIALS.

Composition of matter. Atomic bonds. Atomic bonds. Materials classified by bond type. Structure of matter. Single crystals. Polycrystals. Macromolecules. Structural organisation of solids. Physical and mechanical properties. Classification of construction materials.

TOPIC 3 – STONE MATERIALS

General properties and characteristics. Igneous rocks: origin, properties and identification. Sedimentary rocks: origin, properties and identification. Metamorphic rocks: origin, properties and identification. Stonework. Stone cladding. Morphology of building stones. Material pathology.

TOPIC 4 – CERAMIC MATERIALS

Porous ceramics: fired clay and loam. Properties. Manufacture. Ceramic products: paving stones, floor and wall tiles, blocks, hollow blocks, latticework, slabs and panels, roof tiles, joists. Bricks: classes and types. Regulations. Bonding patterns. Waterproof ceramics. Manufacture and properties. Earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. Wall and floor tiling. Pathology of ceramic materials.

TOPIC 5 – GLASS MATERIALS

Glass in architecture. Properties and structure of glass. Manufacturing process. Cast, moulded and flat glass. Glass treatments. Types of glass and their characteristics. Commercial glass: applications and installation. Durability and defects.

TOPIC 6 – BINDING MATERIALS.

Plaster and gypsum: Manufacture, properties and characteristics. Applications of plaster and gypsum: bonding compounds, continuous coatings, cardboard and fibreboard panels and sheets, flooring and suspended ceilings. Regulations. Limes: air-setting and hydraulic. Lime-based products: mortars, silico-calcareous bricks, calcium silicate panels, renders. Regulations. Cement: composition and properties. Additives. Types of cement: properties and uses. Regulations. Cement mortars: single-layer renderings. Cement-related defects.

TOPIC 7 – AGGREGATE-BOUND MATERIALS. CONCRETE

Composition of concrete: water, aggregates, cement and admixtures. Production and placement of concrete: setting and curing. Stripping of formwork. Properties of hardened concrete. Defects and durability. Precast products: paving slabs, blocks, joists, GRC and fibre cement. Problems with concrete mix design. Regulations.

TOPIC 8 – METALLIC MATERIALS

General characteristics and properties of metals. Ferrous materials. The Fe-C system. Steels and cast irons. Heat treatments of steel: annealing, quenching and tempering. Properties and types of steel used in construction. Commercial sections. Metalwork products. Other steels: stainless steel and Corten steel. Non-ferrous materials: Aluminium: production, characteristics, properties and uses. Copper and its alloys: production, characteristics, properties and uses. Lead and zinc: production, characteristics, properties and uses. Durability and deterioration of metals.

TOPIC 9 – ORGANIC MATERIALS: WOOD, CORK AND FIBRES

Wood: nature and composition: cellular structure. Mechanical, hygrothermal and fire behaviour. Wood cutting. Wood defects. Wood treatments. Uses of wood in construction: flooring, boards and other joinery elements. Laminated timber. Other wood-derived products. Cork: properties, characteristics and uses. Durability and defects. Textile fibres. Types. Durability and defects.

TOPIC 10 – BITUMINOUS MATERIALS

General properties and characteristics. Products used in construction: primers, mastics, bituminous sheets, bituminous agglomerates and sealants. Defects and durability.

TOPIC 11 – PLASTICS

Origin, properties and general characteristics. Thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Elastomers. Plastics most commonly used in construction: PVC, polycarbonate, methacrylate, polystyrene and rubber. Waterproofing membranes, drainage membranes and geotextiles. Defects and durability.

TOPIC 12 – ADHESIVES, PAINTS AND VARNISHES

Natural, elastomeric, thermoplastic and rigid adhesives. Sealants and fillers. Paints and varnishes: basic components. Natural organic, synthetic and mineral paints, and waxes. Application and protection during drying. Durability and defects.

TOPIC 13 – SMART MATERIALS

New materials for construction: Classification and new properties. Carbon fibre, transparent wood, self-healing concrete, flexible concrete, aerogel, passive cooling, biochar coating. Durability and defects.

Training activities

1) Classroom presentations on concepts related to the various subjects covered in the module, as well as other face-to-face group sessions, such as critical analysis of texts and images and group discussions on the content of the compulsory research assignments.

2) Laboratory practicals, carrying out case studies and research in small groups, site visits and other activities requiring the formation of student groups to carry them out.

3) Independent study, report writing, practical work, and individual development carried out as independent work by the student or a small group of students.

4) Assessment tests.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University shall be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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The module will be assessed through the Continuous Assessment System, which consists of the following activities:

- Submission of completed questionnaires for each topic in the syllabus, which follow the learning process and reflect the skills the student is acquiring. These will not be assessed individually, but submission of 100 per cent of them is compulsory in order to be eligible for the end-of-course assessment for the module.

- Assessment of a monographic analysis paper on one of the types of materials covered in the course syllabus, in accordance with the specified guidelines. This will be presented as an oral presentation in class, and the corresponding document must be submitted in hard copy.

- Assessment of the laboratory practicals set for completion by applying the knowledge acquired from the various modules, through the submission of a Practical Report setting out the results.

- Written theoretical and practical examinations covering the full range of learning activities carried out in the classroom.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

- Questionnaires (Voluntary submission. Compulsory submission to be eligible for the end-of-course assessment for those students who do not meet the minimum attendance requirement of 80 per cent. No mark awarded)

- Monographic assignment 20%

- Oral presentation 10%

- Laboratory practical report 10%

SUBTOTAL Continuous Assessment 40%

REGULAR ASSESSMENT

- 1st Mid-term Exam (Counts towards final mark) 25%

- 2nd Mid-Term Exam (My-Jn) 25%

- LABORATORY TEST (Conv.My-Jn) 10%

SUBTOTAL EXAMS 60%

TOTAL FINAL ASSESSMENT (REGULAR) 100%

SPECIAL ASSESSMENT

- Submission of the Term Paper and Practical Report 40% (only for those who have PASSED)

- Final Exam 60%

TOTAL FINAL ASSESSMENT (EXTRAORDINARY SESSION) 100%

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

In the Advanced Geometry module of the Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture at Alfonso X el Sabio University, students acquire knowledge relating to the design of roofs, site planning, the application of flooring principles and the calculation of shadows, applying the knowledge acquired in the Basic Drawing module relating to representation systems. In this way, they approach the study of the degree programme’s technical modules with a solid foundation, apply the knowledge they have acquired, and are able to define any geometric element or interpret any representation of it using drawing tools.

Prerequisites

No prerequisites have been established.

Competencies

Ability to apply graphic procedures to the representation of spaces and objects (T)&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;

Adequate knowledge of spatial representation systems applied to architecture and urban planning.

Adequate knowledge of the fundamentals of topography, hypsometry and cartography, and techniques for land modification, as applied to architecture and urban planning.

Learning outcomes

Proficiency in the proportion and representation of objects using manual and computer-aided techniques.

Ability to develop personal and group graphic discourse.

Personalisation of computer-aided graphic work.

Optimisation of resources, tools and time for both individual and team work.

Ability to personalise learning within team projects.

Course content

TOPIC 1: ROOFS. Design of roofs with horizontal eaves: Cases with the same or different elevations. Cases with the same or different slopes. Party walls. Roofs with sloping eaves.

TOPIC 2: TERRAIN. General principles of representing and modifying terrain. Terrain gradients. Slopes. Designing horizontal platforms and paths with a constant gradient.

TOPIC 3: SHADOWS. Directional light and point light. Types of shadow. Penumbra. Dihedral shadows cast by simple elements, by geometric figures on projection planes, by geometric solids on projection planes, and by one geometric solid cast onto another. Sunlight analysis theory.

Training activities

1) Classroom presentation of the concepts relating to the course, as well as other

in-person group sessions.

2) Carrying out guided activities, either individually or in

small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop-style setting, in

seminars, and in small-group consultations.

3) Self-study and independent work, completing exercises and

assignments or practical work as independent work by the

student or group of students.

4) Assessment tests.

Carrying out guided activities, either individually or in small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop setting, in seminars or during consultations in small groups.

Self-study and independent work, including exercises, assignments or practical work carried out independently by the student or a group of students.

Assessment tests.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University shall be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT:

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT comprises three theoretical-practical topics. Exercises and tests will be marked with the following weighting in relation to the final mark:

TOPIC 1: 10% marked class exercise (with notes). 20% test. 3.33% other class work.

TOPIC 2: 10% marked class exercise (with notes). 20% test. 3.33% remaining class work.

TOPIC 3: 10% marked class exercise (with notes). 20% test. 3.33% remaining class work.

ALL SUBMISSIONS OF PRACTICAL WORK, ASSIGNMENTS OR ANY OTHER EXERCISES MUST BE MADE VIA THE COURSE PLATFORM; NO PAPER-BASED SUBMISSIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED.

FINAL EXAMINATION (REGULAR SESSION):

Students who do not pass the continuous assessment may choose to pass the course by sitting the exam in the REGULAR EXAM SESSION. This exam will consist of a single test covering the entire course content.

SUPPLEMENTARY SESSION.

Students who do not pass the regular examination session may choose to pass the course by sitting the EXTRAORDINARY EXAMINATION SESSION. This examination will consist of a single test covering the full content of the course.

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

The main objective of the module is to train students in the reflective study of the range of variables that form part of the discipline of architecture. The programme includes the study of definitions and ideas in architecture, classifications, terminology and basic concepts, an introduction to architectural theories, and an introduction to and overview of the history of architecture

Prerequisites

No prior requirements have been set, although it is recommended that students have acquired a sufficient level of proficiency in understanding form, as well as a certain level of general cultural knowledge.

Learning Outcomes

It provides students with the basic tools for engaging in architectural criticism and an adequate understanding of general theories of form, composition, and architectural types and models, as well as the essential foundations that constitute a first step towards an understanding of the general history of architecture—and in particular ancient, classical and contemporary architecture—architectural traditions and vernacular architecture, their urban and landscape implications, within the technical, climatic, economic, social and ideological frameworks characteristic of contemporary Western culture. It also introduces students to an appropriate understanding of methods for studying processes of symbolisation, practical functions and ergonomics, aesthetics, and the theory and history of Fine Arts and Applied Arts

Learning outcomes

An understanding of the artistic and compositional foundations, and knowledge of aesthetics and the theory of the arts and architecture, including their influence on architectural, urban planning and landscape design concepts. An understanding of the context of architecture and the changes that have taken place and are taking place in relation to social, political, technological and ecological factors, etc. An understanding of the practical and symbolic functions of architecture. An understanding of, and the ability to comprehend and apply, the principles of classical architectural and compositional language. An introduction to developing the skills necessary to understand the need to protect the built heritage, to catalogue it, to understand the necessary measures for the protection of historic buildings and sites, and to draw up plans for their conservation and enhancement. Understanding or knowledge of architectural, urban planning and landscape traditions at national, local and vernacular levels, and of their historical foundations

Course content

Part One: INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURE

Unit 1 – Basic concepts. Definitions and terminology. Aesthetic and compositional principles

Unit 2. The language of architecture. The classical language of architecture: Ancient Classicism (Greece and Rome) and the origins of Modern Classicism (Italy in the 15th and 16th centuries)

Unit 3: Non-classical languages: Architecture and place

Part Two: INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

Unit 4. The origins of architecture. Non-historical architectures. Folk and vernacular architecture. Primitive architecture

Unit 5. The different ages of space. The historical development of architecture. Introduction to periodisation. Historical, social and cultural contextualisation of architecture. Prehistoric architecture and the earliest civilisations

Unit 6 – The Birth of Contemporary Architecture. The crisis of tradition and Vitruvian authority. Architecture and the Industrial Revolution. Architecture, construction and technology. Introduction to the study of the avant-garde movements. The formation of the Modern Movement. The International Style

Part Three: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

Unit 7 – Interpretations of architecture. Positivist theories of architecture; architecture in its context. Historicist interpretations. Formalist interpretations

Unit 8 – Intentionality and meaning. The meaning of architecture. Function and symbolism in architecture.

Unit 9 – The form-function dialectic in architecture. Functionalism. The various definitions of functionality.

Part Four: AN INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURAL CRITICISM

Unit 10 – The tools of criticism. Social assessment of architecture and the architectural profession

Unit 11. Introduction to sources of documentation. Documentary sources. Treatises on architecture. Historiography and architecture

Unit 12. Conclusions. Recap of the course

Learning Activities

The learning activities designed to enable students to acquire the intended competences during this module and to achieve the expected learning outcomes of the work undertaken will be:

1) Classroom presentations on concepts related to the course, as well as other face-to-face group sessions, such as critical commentary on texts and images and group discussions on the content of the compulsory research assignments

2) Carrying out practical case studies and research in small groups, visits to buildings and other activities requiring the formation of student groups to carry them out

3) Independent study, report writing, practical work, and individualised development as independent work by the student or a small group of students

4) Assessment tests

- Introductory research practicals

- Reading of key texts

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the ordinary examination period. In this case, the examination in the ordinary examination period will be the sole assessment criterion. The format of the assessment tests may include multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, essay questions, problem-solving tasks, case studies, laboratory tests or workshops, or the design of prototypes, products or models, to be completed in writing or orally. Where applicable, the course coordinator will provide details of the assessment format to be used prior to the assessment taking place.

- Assessment of assignments set for students to complete by applying the knowledge acquired in the various subjects

- Assessments that follow the learning process and capture the skills the student is acquiring

- Written examinations and oral presentations covering the full range of learning activities carried out in the classroom

- Final assignment or examination: 75 per cent of the mark for Continuous Assessment

Addendum

Essential reading:

Zevi, Bruno: Learning to See Architecture, Poseidón

Alonso Pereira, José Ramón: An Introduction to the History of Architecture, Reverté

Summerson, John: The Classical Language of Architecture, published by Gustavo Gili

Timetable

Click on this link to view the detailed timetable in Excel

Objectives

To introduce students to the general concepts of economics, from both a macroeconomic and a microeconomic perspective.

To provide students with an overview of the nature and significance of business and its management.

To familiarise students with the realities of business and its relevance to their future careers.

To convey a series of basic concepts relating to the business world, so that students gain an understanding of:

- the basic concepts of business economics and its environment

- the most essential aspects of organisation

- the essential functions of business administration

To maintain a business-oriented approach focused on architecture.

Course content

UNIT 0. INTRODUCTION

UNIT 1. FUNDAMENTALS OF ECONOMICS. BASIC CONCEPTS

UNIT 2. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF ECONOMICS, MAJOR ECONOMIC THEORIES. Economic Systems.

Concept. Types of economic systems. MACROECONOMICS VS MICROECONOMICS

UNIT 3. THE BUSINESS AND THE ENTREPRENEUR

UNIT 4. The Organisational Function. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS

UNIT 5. INTRODUCTION TO THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE BUSINESS AND

COMMERCIAL MANAGEMENT

UNIT 6. MARKETING. Philosophy and definition. The consumer. Strategic marketing. Operational marketing. SALES CAMPAIGNS. SEO POSITIONING. GOOGLE ADWORDS

UNIT 7: The human resources function. Concept. Job definition and evaluation. Recruitment and selection. In-house and external training. Career development. Performance appraisal. Remuneration policy. Motivation. Emotional intelligence.

UNIT 8: Production function.

Concept. Objectives and decisions of operations management. Design of the production system. Planning and scheduling tools.

UNIT 9: Finance function.

Financial policies. Classification of investments. Overall decision-making criteria. Operating profit and loss account.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be set out in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 60 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment in the standard examination session. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University will be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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REGULAR AND EXTRAORDINARY EXAMINATION SESSIONS:

The assessment process will consist of verifying and evaluating the student’s acquisition of the learning outcomes. To this end, the following assessment activities will be used to determine the extent to which each of the listed learning outcomes has been mastered:

1. Completion of assigned practical work and exercises. (30%)

2. Submission of individual and/or group assignments. (30%)

3. Written examinations covering the content covered in classroom-based learning activities, or content review examinations in the form of knowledge assessment tests. (30%)

4. Assessment of the student’s demonstrated interest; the level of participation in the various scheduled activities and tasks; good conduct (punctuality, respectful behaviour towards the lecturer and fellow students, willingness to learn, etc.); and respect for the opinions of fellow students. (10%)

The assessment of students in the ordinary examination session and

supplementary examination sessions must comply with the criteria set out above.

PRESENTATIONS – ROLE PLAY

Where presentations or role-play activities are carried out, students must dress formally, as they would in a real professional setting.

In the case of a particularly creative and innovative presentation, the need for specific attire may be discussed individually with the lecturer.

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

Written reports and presentations will be assessed from a professional perspective; therefore, errors such as spelling mistakes, missing tables of contents, poor structure or poorly delivered presentations will be marked as zero.

Addendum

In-class presentation of concepts related to the topics comprising each subject and problem-solving exercises to enable students to understand how to tackle them, as well as other face-to-face group sessions such as discussion classes, group work, etc.

Carrying out work in small groups outside the classroom.

Independent study, report writing, practical work, etc., carried out by individual students or groups of students.

Taking exams and assessment tests

Bibliography

Core:

1. David Méndez Baiges

BIG NUMBERS IN ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Cinter Divulgación Técnica, S.L. 2008.

ISBN: 849322703X

Objectives

In the course FORM ANALYSIS II, students learn to analyse and represent architectural reality in two-dimensional or three-dimensional formats.

ANALYSIS OF FORMS II is a module which, together with the other modules in the graphic arts area, provides students with the tools to tackle their first encounter with the graphic arts modules in the subsequent years of the degree programme, particularly in the areas of urban planning and design projects.

Analysing an object involves studying it and reflecting upon it. The same object can be analysed from different perspectives, situations or aspects, thereby yielding different results. The act of setting out these analyses in a document requires a commitment to that study, resulting in a final document that may contain interesting nuances, arising from asking the right questions and seeking their answers.

What distinguishes any purely visual work from an architectural work is, above all else, the functional requirements that the latter must fulfil. This is where the fundamental distinction between architecture and sculpture lies. This does not mean that a work of architecture cannot also be regarded as a work of a visual nature, but rather that this alone is not its primary purpose.

The ultimate aim of the module is to carry out various types of studies of architectural objects (either complete or partial), documenting these studies—which have been the subject of one or more preliminary analyses—through exercises carried out by hand or using computer software.

Conceiving and communicating the architectural project through visual expression, using two-dimensional and three-dimensional methods.

It is important for students to approach the course with a positive attitude towards creativity, artistic exploration and the investigation of new materials and techniques, as well as a willingness to develop their OWN LANGUAGE OF EXPRESSION.

Prerequisites

The course ‘Analysis of Forms II’ is designed as a continuation of ‘Analysis of Forms I’. Both form part of the learning process of drawing as a means of expression for the architect. Therefore, knowledge of the content covered in the ‘Analysis of Forms I’ course is recommended.

It is advisable to have a basic understanding of some of the following recommended techniques:

– Drawing: graphite, Pilot pens, watercolour, etc.

– Photography: analogue, digital, photomontages, Photoshop.

– Model-making: card, collages, typography, foam board, wood

, polycarbonate, methacrylate, metals, wood, plaster, etc.

Students should have a positive attitude towards creativity, artistic exploration and the use of new materials, as well as a desire to develop their OWN LANGUAGE OF EXPRESSION, etc.

Skills

• Ability to apply graphic techniques to the

representation of spaces and objects (T)&#59;&#59;&#59;&#59;

•Ability to conceive and represent the visual attributes of

objects and to master proportion and drawing techniques,

including computer-based techniques (T).

•Adequate knowledge of the analysis and theory of form and the

laws of visual perception and spatial representation systems,

, as applied to architecture and urban planning.

•An understanding of the laws of visual perception as they relate to

form, colour, proportion, proximity or distance, etc.

With regard to learning outcomes, the elements that

can be used to assess competences in terms of

learning outcomes will include, amongst others, the following:

•The language of colour and composition. Ability to communicate

ideas and concepts through the graphic language specific to

architectural representation.

•Knowledge and practice of artistic trends related to

architecture.

•Ability to analyse, synthesise, relate and/or plan the

descriptive graphic representation of architecture.

•Ability to analyse, relate and synthesise the

architectural reality.

•Ability to design architecture based on the development of

one’s own ideas through drawing.

•Ability to conceptualise and explore ideas graphically.

•Mastery of proportion and the representation of objects using

manual and computer-aided techniques.

:Ability to work as part of a team.

•Ability to think critically and make decisions.

Learning outcomes

· Ability to apply knowledge to the resolution of

real-world problems

· Delivery of presentations

· Carrying out research projects on

specific topics.

Course content description

• Module 1: Forms of representation: Sketches, rough sketches and drawings. The sketch as a quick and selective representation of a (built) reality. The rough sketch as a representation of an imagined (unbuilt) reality. Examples. The architectural sketch as a specific sketch for an architectural project. Examples. Freehand drawing. The expressive power of the line. Mixed media. Framing and perspective. Framing: narrative qualities. The choice of framing as an integral part of expression in architectural drawing (the relationship between the choice of framing and the compositional intent). Choosing different viewpoints. Plans of depth and depth of field. Light and shadow as narrative elements of expression in architectural drawing. Conceptual or idea-based drawing. Drawing as a tool for the architect’s ideation. Examples.

• Block 2: The point and the line on Kandinsky’s plane. Analysis and composition using elementary forms. The simple and basic forms of Mondrian and Van Doesburg. Dimensionless, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional forms. From the point to the geometric solid. Application to architectural projects. The expression of movement: presence and absence. The dynamic and the static. Colour. Sensations, weights and codes. Text as a graphic and compositional element. Collage. Traditional and computer-aided composition. The panel as part of the architectural project.

• Module 3: The perceptual and sensory value of materials. Texture. Three-dimensional representations and constructions. Physical and virtual models. The symbiotic and feedback relationship between two-dimensional and three-dimensional representation in the ideation process. Working models. Intangible and tangible forms. Developing the graphic expression of a personal idea through two-dimensional and three-dimensional representation. Drawing, model, photography, poster and panel. Conceptualisation of an architectural and/or urban project and its visual communication. The object beyond its architectural function: designing space and its adaptation to the human body.

Training activities

1) Classroom presentation of concepts related to the

subject and problem-solving exercises

to enable students to understand how to tackle them, as well as other

face-to-face group sessions such as discussion classes,

, etc.

2) Laboratory practicals, carrying out guided activities,

either individually or in small working groups, in the classroom, in a workshop setting, in

seminars or small-group consultations.

3) Self-study and independent work, completing exercises and assignments or

practical work carried out independently by the student or a group of

students.

4) Assessment tests.

Assessment system and criteria

Without prejudice to any other requirements that may be specified in the relevant course syllabus, as a general rule, failure to attend more than 75 per cent of the course’s teaching activities—which require the student’s physical or virtual presence—will result in the loss of the right to continuous assessment during the standard examination period. In this case, the examination to be held during the official period set by the University shall be the sole assessment criterion, with the weighting specified in the course syllabus.

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The Assessment System will take the following points into account:

• Assignments must be submitted by the specified deadline so as not to overload the workload for the following module.

• Submissions of the various assignments must be made via the prescribed channel.

ALL SUBMISSIONS OF PRACTICAL WORK, ASSIGNMENTS OR ANY OTHER EXERCISES MUST BE MADE VIA THE COURSE PLATFORM; NO PAPER-BASED SUBMISSIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED.

• Classwork must be completed on the day.

• Students are permitted to submit additional exercises.

• All assignments must be submitted clearly labelled with your first name, surname and academic year visible on the front.

• Exercises that do not comply with the submission format will not be marked.

• Exercises must be submitted via the Virtual Campus as specified in each set of instructions.

The following will be taken into account when marking the exercises:

• The quantity and quality of the assignments in relation to the topic covered.

• Presentation and delivery of work in class, where applicable.

• Progress in learning.

• Interest and attendance (active and participatory) in class.

The various aspects to be assessed and the criteria used to mark work for the module are:

1. Composition. An appropriate perspective for correct composition in line with the intention and narrative, where the chosen space is ideal for conveying the idea.

2. Proportion and/or ‘weight’: understood as the correct relationship between the different dimensions based on the position of the element on the paper, model or in the environment.

3. Order in the visual narrative.

4. Cleanliness and consideration of line in drawing and stroke. Intentionality.

5. Narrative of the exercise or graphic document.

6. Balance and the relative prominence of the various elements within the exercise.

7. Understanding and interpretation of the set brief, and the suitability of the technique and medium to the exercise’s requirements.

8. Application of theoretical concepts to the completion of the exercise.

9. Composition and presentation of the exercise.

10. Personal research on the subject of the assignment.

Submission of all set exercises is compulsory; voluntary work and sketches are also accepted.

REGULAR EXAM SESSION

There are two ways to pass the module in the Ordinary Assessment Period.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

Students who attend the course regularly will be eligible to pass the course in the Ordinary Assessment Period through continuous assessment, subject to the following conditions:

• Attendance at at least 75 per cent of classes is compulsory, as the lecturer needs to monitor the progress of the work directly. In the event that teaching is delivered online, synchronous attendance will be required. Students who do not meet the minimum attendance requirement will lose their right to continuous assessment.

• ‘Complete’ submissions of the various assignments corresponding to each of the three modules into which the course is divided must be made.

• An indicative pre-assessment of the modules will be carried out so that students may choose to improve their mark, if necessary, by the next submission deadline, by submitting new exercises that improve on the quality of those previously submitted and/or by making up for any missing work. The option to submit new exercises does not include exercises completed in class.

• All three modules must be submitted in order to qualify for a pass via Continuous Assessment, and they will be pre-marked on a scale of 0 to 10. The weightings for the preliminary marks for each module are: Module 1 30%, Module 2 30% and Module 3 40%; a final exam may be set to verify authorship.

• All exercises must be submitted via the prescribed channel.

• The final mark for the module is not based on weighted averages but on the final level achieved.

• Monitoring and marking of exercises:

o Each student may review the corrections to their assignments submitted during the course, as well as request guidance on assignments completed outside the classroom. To do so, they must arrange the procedure with the lecturer. These enquiries may only be made before the final assessment. Once the submission period has closed following the submission of Block 3, no further feedback will be provided on the work.

o The Course Coordinator reserves the right to retain indefinitely any student work they deem appropriate.

• A Final Course Examination will be held to verify the authorship of the submitted assignments, should this be necessary. This examination will take place during term time and within class hours. The Course Coordinator reserves the right NOT to award a ‘Pass’ to a student where there is any doubt regarding the authorship of the work submitted in their portfolio throughout the course.

• Once the final course examination has been completed, the work submitted during the course will be marked definitively, and the final mark for continuous assessment will be issued.

NOTE: All assignments submitted by a student are assumed to be their own original work. Submitting another person’s work as one’s own is considered plagiarism and will be reported to the Vice-Chancellor’s Office so that they may take the measures deemed appropriate in accordance with the University’s Student Assessment Regulations.

FINAL EXAMINATION FOR THE REGULAR EXAMINATION PERIOD

Students who have not passed the continuous assessment may still pass the module by sitting the final examination in the Ordinary Examination Session.

The Final Examination for the Ordinary Examination Period will consist of a test comprising one or more exercises of the same nature as those set during the course, to be completed during the examination. For this reason, students must attend the examination with the necessary materials to be able to complete any exercise of this nature. To sit this exam, the University will notify students of the date, time and lecture theatre; this information can be found on the Virtual Campus.

The exam will be marked on a scale of 0 to 10, with a mark of 5 or above required to pass; exercises submitted separately from the final exam will not be taken into account.

The marking criteria will be similar to those established for the course.

EXTRAORDINARY EXAMINATION SESSION.

The Special Examination will consist of a test comprising one or more exercises of the same nature as those set during the course, to be completed during the examination. For this reason, students must bring the necessary materials to the examination to be able to complete any exercise of this nature. To sit this exam, the University will notify students of the date, time and lecture theatre; this information can be found on the Virtual Campus.

The exam will be marked on a scale of 0 to 10, with a mark of 5 or above required to pass; exercises submitted separately from the final exam will not be taken into account.

The marking criteria will be similar to those established for the course.

Addendum

The learning activities designed to enable students to acquire the intended competences during this module and to achieve the expected outcomes of the work undertaken will be:

1. Classroom presentations on concepts relating to the representation of architecture, as well as other face-to-face group sessions.

2. Guided activities, either individually or in small working groups, carried out in the classroom, in a workshop setting, in seminars or during small-group consultations.

3. Self-study and independent work, including exercises, assignments or practical work carried out independently by the student or a group of students.

4. Assessment tests.

At the end of each module, students will produce a portfolio in accordance with the specifications set out in the assignment briefs.

Timetable

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